最新传动轴系精度设计课件PPT.ppt 62页

'传动轴系精度设计 车床传动轴、减速器、轴系8/2/20212第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 轴系主要配合齿轮和轴之间配合键和花键的配合轴承和轴、箱体孔的配合8/2/20213第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 §7.1概述滚动轴承分类按滚动体形状分球滚子圆柱圆锥按负荷方向分向心—推力—向心推力—径向力轴向力径向力、轴向力8/2/20217第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 §7.2滚动轴承的公差带滚动轴承的安装形式及要求外圈与箱体上的轴承座配合，内圈与旋转的轴颈配合。为了保证工作时不被卡死，需要保证其径向和轴向游隙。为了保证旋转精度，因此轴承的内、外圈和端面跳动要控制在一定范围内。8/2/20218第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 §7.2滚动轴承的公差带滚动轴承是标准件，因此滚动轴承和轴配合采用基？制，和外壳孔配合采用基？制。滚动轴承内圈和轴一起转动，为了避免相对滑动，要求过盈，但过盈太大又会减小径向游隙，使其卡死，故过盈不能太大。工作时温度升高，轴会伸长，为了避免轴被卡死，要求轴系能进行轴向窜动，故滚动轴承外圈和外壳孔采用间隙配合。但间隙不能太大，以保证运动精度。8/2/20219第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 §7.2滚动轴承的公差带内圈公差带：作为基准孔的轴承内圈采用H公差带时，轴的公差带采用GB/T1800.4的公差带与之配合，选择过渡配合则过盈量偏小，选择过盈配合则过盈量偏大。而对轴选用非标准公差带则违反了标准化和互换性原则。解决办法是调整滚动轴承内圈的公差带2.外圈公差带：为了减少外圈与外壳孔的间隙，缩小了外圈的公差值。8/2/202110第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 §7.2滚动轴承的公差带滚动轴承精度：分为五级,其名称和代号由低到高分别为普通级0、高级6、6x、精密级5、超精密级4及最精密级2（GB/T307.3-2005）。8/2/202111第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 §7.2滚动轴承的公差带精度等级表示方法：普通级：轴承型号上不标注公差等级代号；其它等级：在轴承代号后加标注;例如：6308：深沟球轴承，0级精度6308/P6：深沟球轴承，6级精度8/2/202112第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 §7.2滚动轴承的公差带精度等级选用：0：用于旋转精度要求不高的一般机构中，比如普通机床变速箱和进给箱；6、5：用于比较精密的机床和机器中，比如普通机床主轴前端用5级，后端用6级；4：用于旋转精度要求较高或转速很高的机构中，比如高精度磨床和车床。2：用于精密机械旋转机构中，比如精密坐标镗床，高精度齿轮磨床。8/2/202113第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 §7.3和滚动轴承配合件精度设计配合的选择形位公差（几何公差）选择表面粗糙度的选择8/2/202114第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 §7.3和滚动轴承配合件精度设计配合的选择:轴承配合性质的选择即是确定与轴承相配合的轴颈和轴承座的配合代号。8/2/202115第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 §7.3和滚动轴承配合件精度设计配合的选择选择轴承配合的依据是：轴承套圈承受的负荷类型轴承套圈承受的负荷大小其它影响因素8/2/202116第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 §7.3和滚动轴承配合件精度设计配合的选择轴承套圈承受的负荷类型循环负荷(旋转负荷)局部负荷(定向负荷)摆动负荷8/2/202117第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 §7.3和滚动轴承配合件精度设计配合的选择轴承套圈承受的负荷类型-摆动负荷8/2/202118第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 §7.3和滚动轴承配合件精度设计配合的选择轴承套圈承受的负荷大小轻负载：Pr≤0.07Cr正常负载：0.07Cr＜Pr≤0.15Cr重负载：Pr＞0.15Cr其中：Cr为轴承的额定动负载，数据可以从有关手册中查找。8/2/202119第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 §7.3和滚动轴承配合件精度设计配合的选择其它影响因素轴承的工作状况和结构工艺轴承的径向游隙轴承的安装和拆卸条件温度轴和外壳孔的材料8/2/202120第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 §7.3和滚动轴承配合件精度设计配合的选择-类比法轴8/2/202121第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 §7.3和滚动轴承配合件精度设计配合的选择-类比法孔8/2/202122第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 §7.3和滚动轴承配合件精度设计2.形位公差（几何公差）选择形状公差：主要是轴颈和箱体孔的表面圆柱度要求。位置公差：主要是轴肩端面的跳动公差。公差原则：包容要求8/2/202123第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 §7.3和滚动轴承配合件精度设计2.形位公差（几何公差）选择8/2/202124第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 §7.3和滚动轴承配合件精度设计3.表面粗糙度的选择8/2/202125第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 设计实例：例某一级齿轮减速器的小齿轮轴，由6级单列向心轴承(d×D×B=Φ40×Φ90×23)支承，见图，Pr=4kN，Cr=32kN。8/2/202126第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 设计实例配合的选择：负荷类型：内圈旋转负荷，外圈定向负荷。负荷大小：∵P/C=4/32=0.125，为正常负荷(0.07~0.15Cr)；k5Φ40E包容要求8/2/202127第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 外圈负荷类型：定向负荷负荷大小：正常负荷Φ90H7E8/2/202128第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 2.求配合表面的几何公差(查表7-8)轴圆柱度公差端面圆跳动t=0.0025t=0.008孔圆柱度公差t=0.006端面圆跳动t=0.015Φ40k5Φ90H7几何公差轴向E0.008AA0.00250.0060.015AEA8/2/202129第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 3.求各表面的Ra上限值（查表7-9）轴:Φ40k5Φ40k50.40.008AA0.00251.68/2/202130第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 孔Φ90H7:Φ90H70.0060.015AEA1.63.28/2/202131第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 （4）标注(见图7-11所示)装配图的标注78/2/202132第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 Φ90H70.0060.015AEA1.63.2Φ40k50.40.008AA0.00251.68/2/202133第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 测验-有过程，标注在给出的图上如图，该轴f56处采用平键装一个齿轮，2xf55用深沟球轴承6211(d=55,D=100,B=21,0级精度)支承。齿轮在轴上固定，其配合最大间隙为+0.030，最大过盈为-0.025，要求保证配合性质和回转精度；滚动轴承额定负荷为25kN，工作时内圈旋转，外圈固定，承受的当量动负荷为1250N。完成1)和滚动轴承配合处的精度设计(公差带代号，形位公差和表面粗糙度设计)。2)轴槽和键配合处的精度设计(公差带代号、形位公差、表面粗糙度)；3)齿轮和轴配合代号设计，将轴的代号标注在图上；8/2/202134第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 8/2/202135第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 当堂完成P166,7-2，必须标注在图上8/2/202136第07章滚动轴承的公差与配合 Unit1　Friendship高考试题目标考点教材原文对照1.Alexandertriedtogethiswork_______inthemedicalcircles.(10辽宁卷)A.torecognizeB．recognizingC.recognizeD．Recognized考查：非谓语动词。getsth.done“让某人做某事”。Whenhe/sheborroweditlasttime，he/shebrokeitandyouhadtopaytogetitrepaired.2.Wouldyouplease________thepaperformeandseeifthereareanyobviousmistakes？(09湖北卷)A.lookaroundB．lookintoC.lookupD．lookthrough考查：短语动词。lookthrough“仔细查看；浏览”。It’snopleasurelookingthroughtheseanylongerbecausenatureisonethingthatreallymustbeexperienced. Ⅰ.词义辨析1．Sherefusedtoofferanyhelp，whichquite________allthepeoplepresent.A．ignoredB．settledC．upsetD．suffered2．“Ifyou________yourdiet，troublewillfollow，”mydoctorwarnedme.A．packB．ignoreC．recoverD．concern3．Hedevotedhimself________tohisresearchwork，havingnotimeforplay.A．exactlyB．gratefullyC．looselyD．Entirely4．I’mafraidit’snotwithinmy________togettheworkdoneinsuchashorttime.A．energyB．strengthC．powerD．Force5．Shedrewbackthe________atnineinthemorningtoletsomesunlightin.A．curtainsB．suitcasesC．partnersD．Teenagers答案：1.C　2.B　3.D4.C5.A 6．Ican’texpresshow________Iamforallyou’vedoneforme.A．gratefulB．looseC．calmD．entire7．Inordertobuildthedam，theymovedthelocalpeopleand________theminanotherplace.A．recoveredB．ignoredC．concernedD．settled8．Thedoctorsaredelightedtofindthatthepatientisbeginningto________fromhearttrouble.A．uncoverB．discoverC．recoverD．cover9．Thetrainarrivedat________8o’clock，neitherearliernorlater.A．clearlyB．exactlyC．widelyD．nearly10．Stevegavemesomeuseful________onhowtotakegoodpictures.A．powersB．tipsC．itemsD．thunders答案：6.A　7.D　8.C　9.B　10.B Ⅱ.短语填空addup；calmdown；beconcernedabout；gothrough；setdown；onpurpose；get/betiredof；packup；getalongwith；lookthrough1．Howdoesshekeepsmilingafterallshehas________？2．I’vealwaysfoundhimabitdifficultto________.3．________yourscoresandwewillseewhowins.4．I________watchingtelevision；let’sgoforawalk.5．I’ve________allmypapersbutIstillcan’tfindthecontract.答案：1.gonethrough　2.getalongwith　3.Addup　4.amtiredof5.lookedthrough 6．Howcanyouexpectmenotto________myownson?7．Jack’sbeenreallyannoyingmeandIthinkhe’sdoingit________.8．Wearrivedjustasthemusicianswere________theirinstruments.9．Hetookafewdeepbreathsto________.10．Iwill________inmynotebookthestoryasitwastoldtome.答案：6.beconcernedabout　7.onpurpose　8.packingup　9.calmhimselfdown　10.setdown Ⅲ.完成句子1．Sheandherfamilyhidawayfornearlytwentyfivemonths____________________(后来被发现了)．(discover)2．Idon’twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiary____________________(像大多数人那样)．(most)3．I____________________(有意不睡觉)untilhalfpastelevenoneeveninginordertohavealookatthemoon.(stay)答案：1.beforetheywerediscovered2.asmostpeopledo3．stayedawakeonpurpose Ⅳ.模仿造句1．Yourfriendcan’tgountilhefinishescleaninghisbicycle.[翻译]昨天晚上我做完全部作业后才去睡觉。__________________________________________________________________2．Whilewalkingthedog，youwerecarelessanditgotlooseandwashitbyacar.[翻译]在路边等公交车时，我发现地上有个钱包。_____________________________________________________________________3．Youwilltellhimthatheshouldhavestudied.[翻译]他没有通过考试，他以前该更加努力地学习的。_____________________________________________________________________答案：1.Ididn’tgotobedyesterdayeveninguntilIfinisheddoingallmyhomework.2．Whilewaitingforthebusbytheroadside，Ifoundawalletontheground.3．Hedidn’tpasstheexam.Heshouldhavestudiedabitharder. 4．It’sbecauseIhaven’tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI’vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.[翻译]就是因为我迟到了，老师才不高兴的。_______________________________________________________________________5．ItwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI’dseenthenightfacetoface.[翻译]那是我平生第一次来到长城参观。_______________________________________________________________________答案：4．ItwasbecauseIwaslateforclassthattheteacherwasupset.5．ItwasthefirsttimeinmylifethatIhadcometotheGreatWallforavisit. 热点追踪1．upsetvt.使心烦意乱；使苦恼；使伤心【考什么？】upsetoneselfaboutsth.为某事而烦恼be/getupsetaboutsth.为某事而烦恼或难过【怎么考？】①Thechildrenareterribly________bythebreakupoftheirparents’marriage.A．relievedB．easedC．upsetD．comforted②Don’tupsetyourself________it—let’sjustforgetiteverhappened.A．for　B．withC．aboutD．upon ③There’snopoint________upsetaboutthemistake.Becarefulnexttime.A．making　B．takingC．goingD．getting【课堂笔记】_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【教师备课】Trynottoupsetyourselfaboutlosingyourjob.尽量不要为失去工作而烦恼。Shewasstillupsetabouttheargumentshe’dhadwithHarry.她依然为跟哈里发生的争论而感到烦恼。 2．dislikevt.不喜欢；讨厌【考什么？】dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事；讨厌做某事dislikeone’sdoingsth.不喜欢某人做某事；讨厌某人做某事dislikeitwhen...讨厌【怎么考？】①Somebossesdislike________peopletosharetheirresponsibilities；theykeepallimportantmatterstightlyintheirownhands.A．allowingB．toallow　C．allow　D．allowed②Herfather________herstayingawayfromhome，forhersafetyofcourse.A．disagreesB．DislikesC．disapproves　D．dismisses ③Idislike________whenotherslaughatmeinpublicorthinkpoorlyofmebehind.A．thatB．thoseC．itD．them【课堂笔记】_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【教师备课】Tomdislikesgoingtothedentist；that’swhyhe’scrabby.汤姆不喜欢去看牙医，所以他脾气那么坏。Hedislikedherstayingawayfromhome.他不愿意让她住在外面。Hedislikeditwhenshebehavedbadlyinfrontofhismother.他讨厌她在母亲面前举止失当。 3．concernvt.使担忧；使烦恼；对……负责；与……有牵连n.关系；担心；忧虑；关心的事【考什么？】concernoneselfabout/beconcernedabout为……担忧concernoneselfwith/beconcernedwith关注；涉及；关于concerning关于【怎么考？】①________aboutson’sfuture，themotherhasbeensleepingverybadlythesemonths.A．ConcerningB．ConcernedC．Toconcern　D．Havingconcerned②Anincreasingnumberofpeopleareconcerningthemselves_____environmentalproblems.A．withB．at　C．of　D．on ③Inhislettertothemanager，heaskedseveralquestions__thefutureofthecompany.A．concerned　B．beingconcernedC．concerningD．toconcern【课堂笔记】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【教师备课】Moreandmorepeopleareconcerningthemselveswithenvironmentalproblems.越来越多的人关心起环境问题。Thedevelopmentofeconomyisamajorconcernofthegovernment.经济发展是政府关心的主要问题。HeaskedafewquestionsconcerningChina’seconomicreform.他问了几个有关中国经济改革的问题。 4．gothrough通过；穿过；经受；仔细检查；完成【怎么考？】①Whenwearegettingexcited，angryorscared，ourbodiesalso________manyphysicalchanges.A．gooverB．goaroundC．gothroughD．gofor②They________therooms，beingcarefulnottotouchanything，astheydidnotwanttohinderthepoliceintheirsearchforfingerprints.A．wentthroughB．camethroughC．brokethroughD．livedthrough 【课堂笔记】________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【教师备课】Someonehadbrokenintotheofficeandgonethroughallthedrawers.有人闯入办公室翻遍了所有的抽屉。Wecan’treallyimaginewhatthey’regoingthrough.我们难以想象他们所正在经历的。链接goover检查，复习getthrough通过；完成 5.lookthrough审核；浏览【怎么考？】①Youmust________thesebillsandcheckthembeforeyoupaythem.A．getthroughB．lookthroughC．breakthrough　D．seethrough②Ihave________allmypapersbutIstillcan’tfindmynotes.A．lookedthroughB．lookedforC．lookedafter　D．lookedout 【课堂笔记】_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【教师备课】Isithelpfultolookthroughthenewspaper?浏览报纸有帮助吗？Thegirlsbegantolookthroughthephotographalbums.姑娘们开始翻阅照相簿。 6．getalongwith与……相处；进展【怎么考？】①Iusedtoquarrelalotwithmyparents，butnowwe________fine.A．lookout　B．stayupC．carryonD．getalong②—Howareyoumanagingtodoyourworkwithoutanassistant?—Well，I________somehow.A．getalongB．comeonC．watchoutD．setoff③Readerscan________verywellwithoutknowingtheexactmeaningofeachword.A．getalongB．getoverC．getdown　D．getthrough 【课堂笔记】_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【教师备课】Hegetsalongverynicelywithhisclassmates.他与同学们相处得很好。HowareyougettingalongwithyourEnglishstudies?你的英语学习进展得如何？ 7．Sheandherfamilyhidawayfornearlytwentyfivemonthsbeforetheywerediscovered.她和家人躲藏了两年，后来被发现了。【考什么？】before引出时间状语从句常可译为汉语“还没……就……”，“还没来得及……就……”，“……以后才……”或“不等……就……”，此时，从句中可用情态动词can或could。【怎么考？】①Hewastoldthatitwouldbeatleastthreemoremonths________hecouldrecoverandreturntowork.A．whenB．beforeC．sinceD．that②Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight，buttheyhungup________Icouldanswerthephone.A．asB．sinceC．untilD．before ③Thefirelastedaboutfourhours________thefirefighterscouldcontrolit.A．beforeB．untilC．whenD．after【课堂笔记】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【教师备课】ShehungupthetelephonebeforeIcouldanswerit.我还没来得及接电话，她就挂断了。HefellasleepbeforeIcouldtakeoffhisclothes.我还没来得及给他脱掉衣服他就睡着了。 8．Anothertimefivemonthsago，Ihappenedtobeupstairsatduskwhenthewindowwasopen.还有一次，就在五个月以前的一天傍晚，我碰巧在楼上，窗户是开着的。【考什么？】happentodosth.表示“(某人)碰巧或恰好做某事”。“It(so)happensthat...”句型。【怎么考？】①Idon’tknowwhetheryouhappen________，butI’mgoingtostudyintheUSAthisSeptember.A．tobeheardB．tobehearingC．tohearD．tohaveheard②Ihappened________withhimwhenhewashitbyastone.A．tohavetalkedB．talkingC．totalkD．tobetalking ③Itso________thatweoftenseeanoticeonadoortoaconferenceroom，“Pleasekeepyourcellphoneoffwhenameetingison.”A．happensB．chances　C．occurs　D．takesplace【课堂笔记】____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【教师备课】Shehappenedtofindanemptyseatatthebackofthebus.她正好在汽车后排找到一个座位。Itsohappenedthatthey’dbeeninvited，too.他们碰巧也受到邀请。 冷点集训本单元还有几个知识点，做做题你就能掌握。1．You’dbetter________yourscoresandseeifyouhavepassedtheexam.A．addB．addtoC．addupD．addupto2．Davidsaidthatitwasbecauseofhisstronginterestinliterature________hechosethecourse.A．thatB．whatC．whyD．how3．It’shightimeyouhadyourhaircut；it’sgetting________.A．toomuchlongB．muchtoolongC．longtoomuch　D．toolongmuch4．—Doyouknowourtown?—No，thisisthefirsttimeI________here.A．comeB．amcomingC．cameD．havecome 5．Henrybrokethewindow.I’llaskhimwhy________.A．didhedothatB．hedidthatC．hadhedonethatD．hehaddonethat[自己总结]____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________'