最新Unit14-I-remember-meeting-all-of-you-in-Grade-7SectionB-Reading课件课件PPT.ppt 50页

'Unit14-I-remember-meeting-all-of-you-in-Grade-7SectionB-Reading课件 Doyouhaveanyspecialmemoriesofjuniorhighschool?Irememberhavinganopeningceremonyatthebeginningofeveryschoolyear.openingceremony1.Welcomethenewstudents.2.Paisesomeexcellentteachersandstudents.3.Givestudentssomeadviceandhopes.(rememberdoingsth) DiscussionWhatisthemostimportantthingyouhavelearnedinjuniorhighschool? openingceremonygraduationceremony1.Welcomethenewstudents.2.Paisesomeexcellentteachersandstudents.3.Givestudentssomeadviceandhopes.1.Changesofthestudents.2.Askstudentstolearntobethankful.3.Givestudentssomeadviceandhopes. ReadingstrategyQuicklyreadthroughatexttoseewhatkindofwritingitis,whowroteitandwhyitwaswritten. Readthepassageandanswerthequestions.1.Whatkindoftextisthis?Isitastory,aspeechoranotice?2.Whodoyouthinkwroteit?3.Whoisitfor?2b学法指导：Skimming（略读）指尽可能快的阅读，迅速地获取文章的大意或主题思想。即抓住文章的大概。Aspeech.TheheadmasterofNO.3JuniorHighSchool.Thestudentswhoareabouttogratuate.Task1 GraduationceremonyNeverfailtobethankfultothepeoplearoundyou.Theendofjuniorhighschoolisthebeginningofnewlife.You’veallgrownupsomuchandI’msoproudofyou.Para.1Para.2Para.3 NowpastfutureNeverfailtobethankfultothepeoplearoundyou.Theendofjuniorhighschoolisthebeginningofnewlife.CarefulreadingYou’veallgrownupsomuchandI’msoproudofyou. You’veallgrownupsomuchandI’msoproudofyou.Nowpastfuture1.WhatwerethestudentslikeinGrade7?Theywereallsofullofenergyandthirstyforknowledge.2.Howhavethestudentschanged?Theyarenowtalentedyoungadultswhoarefullofhopeforthefuture.ReadPara.1 NowpastfutureNeverfailtobethankfultothepeoplearoundyou.3.Whoshouldthestudentsthankandwhy?Theyshouldthanktheimportantpeopleintheirlives–theirparents,teachersandfriends–becausethesearethepeoplewhohavehelpedandsupportedthem.ReadPara.2 NowpastfutureTheendofjuniorhighschoolisthebeginningofnewlife.5.Howshouldthestudentsdealwiththefuture?Theyshouldlearnfromtheirmistakesandnevergiveup,choosewiselyandberesponsiblefortheirowndecisionsandactions,andnotforgetwheretheycamefrom.4.Whatwillseniorhighbelike?Lifeinseniorhighwillbeharderandtheywillhavemanydifficulttasksaheadofthem.ReadPara.3 You’veallgrownupsomuchandI’msoproudofyou.NowpastfutureNeverfailtobethankfultothepeoplearoundyou.TheendofjuniorhighschoolisthebeginningofnewlifeTheyshouldthanktheimportantpeopleintheirlives–their_______,_______and_________.Theyarenowtalentedyoungadultswhoare___________forthefuture.Theyshouldlearnfromtheir_______andnever_________,choose_______andbe_________fortheirowndecisionsandactions,andnotforgetwheretheycamefrom.Enjoythinking 6.Whatadvicewouldyougivetostudentswhoarejuststartingjuniorhighschool?Iwilladvisethemto…studyhardertogetbettergradeslearntobethankfulto…learntoberesponsiblefor…learntobeconfidentandindependentlearntofaceanychallengebravelylearntorespect…learntomakefriendsandstudyhappilyobeyschoolrulesandformgoodhabitslearnfrommistakesandnevergiveup拓展:学以致用 RetellingLadiesandgentlemen,Thankyouforcomingtodaytoattend_________________________.Firstofall,I’dliketocongratulateyou.InGrade7allofyouwere__________________________________________________________Buttoday_________________________________________________.Ithinkyou_____________________andI________________you.Next,Therearemanyimportantpeoplearoundyou,suchas__________,youshould________________________________andneverfailto_______________________________________.Lastly,theendofjuniorhighschoolisthebeginningofanewlife.Thelifeinseniorhighschoolwill_____________________________.SoIwillgiveyousomeadvice.FirstYoushould________________________________________.Nextyoushould__________________________________________________.Finallyasyou________________________________，youshouldn’tforgetwhereyouarefrom.Task4 毕业典礼学生代表演讲英语作文Goodmorning,mydearteachersandschoolmates,It’sagreathonorformetomakeaspeechonbehalfofthegraduatingclasses.Howtimeflies!Ourjuniorhighschoolliveswillcometoanend.Inthepastthreeyears,we’vehadabeautifulschoolanditprovidesuswithagoodstudyplace.Teachersareourfriends.They’vegivenusinterestinglessonsandwealllovethem.We’velearnedalotfromthem,notonlyknowledgebutalsothewaytosolveproblemsinlife.Thanksforourteachers’training,parents’supportandthehelpfromclassmates.Withoutthem,wecouldn’thavesomuchwonderfultime.Atlast,wehopeourschoolwillbecomebetter,ourteacherswillbehealthyforeverandallourdreamswillcometrue.Thankyouforlistening. Trytoworkharder.情感升华Learntobethankful.Learntoberesponsible.Believeyourself! After-readingJuniorhighschoolSeniorhighschoolChangealotLearnedalot?Howwillyoustudy?What’syourdreamlifelike?Whatkindofteacherdoyoulike? Writing:EventhoughIamsadthatjuniorhighisover,Iamlookingforwardtonewexperiencesinseniorhigh!Howwillyoustudyinseniorhigh?What’syourdreamlifelike?Whatkindofteacherdoyoulike?Iknowthelifeinseniorhighschoolwillbeharderandharder.SoIwill…Iplanto…I’mlookingforwardto…yourplanintheseniorhighschool. Underlinethesentencesyoulikeinthepassage.Tellyourpartnerwhattheymeanandwhyyoulikethem.Enjoysharing SectionB课前预习一、重点单词1.___________(大学)学位；度数；程度2.___________经理；经营者3.______________祝贺4.___________渴望的；口渴的5.___________感谢；感激6.__________最后7.________任务；工作8._________向前面；在前面degreemanagercongratulatethirstythankfullastlytaskahead 9._____________单独的；分离的10.________翅膀；翼二、重点短语1.geta__________________获得商学院学位2._______________信任；信赖3.________the_______________________参加毕业典礼4.be______________渴望；渴求5.____________处理6.be________________sb.对某人心存感谢separatewingbusinessdegreebelieveinattendgraduationceremonythirstyfordealwiththankfulto 7._______________在……前面8.________the_______一路上9._____________连同；除……以外还10.be__________________对……有责任，负责任11.go_________________各奔前程12.______afew________time数年之内/后13._______________出发；启程14.________________分离；隔开15.________________从那以后16._________...________与……一起分享……aheadofalongwayalongwithresponsibleforseparatewaysinyears’setoutseparatefromsincethensharewith attendbethirstyfornonesetoutbeproudof1.Itistimetosaygood-bye,but____ofuswantedtoleaveourclassmatesandteachers.2.Itisalwayshardtoseparatefromthosewhomyouhavespentsomuchtimewithforthepastthreeyears.However,wearestillexcitedto_______onanewjourneywhenweenterseniorhighschool.nonesetoutPractice attendbethirstyfornonesetoutbeproudof3.Theteachercantellwe_______________knowledgefromoureyes.Shetellsusthatknowledgewillgiveuswingstofly.4.Wewill______thejuniorhighgraduationceremonytomorrow.Itisaveryspecialtimeforus.5.Ourteachersandparentswill_________usbecausewehavegrownupandcanberesponsibleforourselves.arethirstyforbeproudofattend Writeaboutwhatyouhavegotteninjuniorhighschoolandyourplaninseniorhighschool.Homework Iread,Ithink，Ishare,Iamhappy!我阅读，我思考，我分享，我快乐！ 血清κ和λ轻链的检测筛查单克隆丙种球蛋白（M蛋白）血症 什么是M蛋白M蛋白在本质上属于免疫球蛋白，由克隆性增生的浆细胞分泌。根据重链结构不同，可将其分为IgG、IgA、IgM、IgD、IgE五类，按轻链结构又可分为κ和λ两型。其共同特点是分泌具有相同氨基酸顺序和蛋白质结构的免疫球蛋白分子或其片段，即M蛋白。 什么是单克隆丙种球蛋白血症单克隆丙种球蛋白（M蛋白）血症是一组由B淋巴细胞或浆细胞克隆性增殖所致的疾病，如多发性骨髓瘤（MM）、华氏巨球蛋白血症（WM）、重链病、原发性淀粉样变性（AL）及继发性或意义不明的单克隆丙种球蛋白血症(MGUS)。 单克隆蛋白血症患者的临床诊断分布孤立性或髓外浆细胞瘤冒烟型多发性骨髓瘤华氏巨球蛋白血症淋巴瘤淀粉样变多发性骨髓瘤慢淋白血病意义不明的单克隆丙种球蛋白血症 是一种浆细胞增殖性疾病，常常发生在多发性骨髓瘤之前。占M蛋白血症发病率的56%尽管MGUS在老年人中很常见，但是由于缺乏特异性M蛋白有关的症状或体征，MGUS在老年人中常常被漏诊。具有如下特征：MGUS的定义：意义不明的单克隆丙种球蛋白血症(MonoclonalGammopathy0fUndeterminedSignificance，MGUS) MGUS血清M蛋白<30g/L骨髓浆细胞<10%没有大量的器官损伤（CRAB-hypercalcaemia,renalinsufficiency,anaemiaandbonelesions)高血钙－肾损害－贫血－溶骨现象－ MGUS发病率根据来自MayoClinic的包含21463名居民的基础研究显示：50岁以上人群的发病率为3.2%70岁以上人群的发病率大于5%85岁以上的男性发病率接近9% MGUS发病率根据年龄分布的MGUS发病率，21463名年龄大于50岁居民中694名有M蛋白。I代表95%可信区间，年龄大于90岁的被认为90岁。 MGUS发展的危险性1384名明尼苏达州东南部居民疾病进展的可能性，这些居民均在1960年至1994年之间被诊断为MGUS。上面的曲线显示的是发展为浆细胞癌（115例）或M蛋白浓度超过30g/L或骨髓浆细胞比例大于10%（32例）的可能性。下面的曲线仅仅显示的是MGUS发展为MM、IgM型淋巴瘤、原发性淀粉样病变、巨球蛋白血症、慢性淋巴细胞性白血病或浆细胞瘤（115例）的的可能性。 单克隆和多克隆免疫球蛋白增殖的区别 单克隆增殖单克隆增殖，是由一个细胞发生突变，然后急剧分化、增殖,并大量表达某种单一的免疫球蛋白,这种具有如下特点:1、均一型Ig2、Ig含量大(达到数克也可高达10余克）3、正常Ig成分减少(正常值以下)4、轻链型比例失调(κ/λ) 多克隆增殖和良性免疫球蛋白增殖症所谓多克隆增殖系指各种免疫球蛋白产生细胞全面增殖。这有两个含义:★是5种免疫球蛋白全面增加★虽只有一种免疫球蛋白增殖,如IgG或A、M等，但κ/λ比值正常。 多克隆增殖主要见于如下几种疾患1、慢性肝病、肝硬化2、结缔组织病(自身免疫病)3、慢性感染4、恶性肿瘤5、AIDS6、淋巴母细胞性淋巴结病 那些人应当进行M蛋白的筛选>50岁的成年人骨质疏松症或骨质减少的患者不明原因的蛋白尿或血清总蛋白升高不明原因的周围神经病变贫血患者 筛选应当包含那些试验免疫功能检测1:IgG、M、A、总κ和λ轻链 为何要增加总κ和λ轻链的测定1.可筛选出M蛋白患者，敏感性为91.9%，特异性为95.5%，与IFE法符合率93.8%.2.鉴别诊断：根据比值可鉴别良性和恶性M蛋白病2.1良性M蛋白组：2.77<κ/λ<6或0.4<κ/λ<1.252.2恶性M蛋白组：κ/λ往往>6或<0.40.41.252.776.00~ 为何要增加总κ和λ轻链的测定3.鉴别诊断单克隆增殖还是多克隆增殖多克隆增殖:是5种Ig全面增加,或虽只有一种Ig增殖,如IgG或A、M等，但κ/λ比值正常。单克隆增殖：轻链型比例失调(κ/λ>2.77或<1.25) 建议各中小型医院进行血清总κ和λ轻链的测定筛查M蛋白血症 总的κ/λ轻链测定试剂盒包装规格 试剂特点采用透射免疫比浊法，适合于各类生化分析仪可使用血清和尿液标本液体双试剂，可直接使用可提供配套定标液和质控液，可溯源至人血清蛋白CRM470-CAP/IFCClot91/06-19试剂盒灵敏度高，可有效鉴别出不同危险度的MGUS（单克隆丙种球蛋白增多症）患者 参考文献1.Kyleetal(2006)Prevalenceofmonoclonalgammopathyofuncertainsignificanceamongpersons50yearofageorolder.NewEnglandJournalofMedicine,354,1362-1369.2.周晖,王丁,宾利.κ/λ比率在M蛋白病中的诊断价值.实用医学杂志2000,16(6):508-5093.翟玉华,朱嘉芷等.血清免疫球蛋白轻链含量检测对M蛋白血症的诊断意义.临床血液学杂志2000,13(4):177-1784.JamesRBerensonetal(2010)Monoclonalgammopathyofundeterminedsignificance:aconsensusstatement.BritishJournalofHaematology,150,28–385.JennyBirdetal(2009)UKMyelomaForum(UKMF)andNordicMyelomaStudyGroup(NMSG):guidelinesfortheinvestigationofnewlydetectedM-proteinsandthemanagementofmonoclonalgammopathyofundeterminedsignificance(MGUS).BritishJournalofHaematology,147,22–426.RobertA.KyleandS.VincentRajkumar(2006)Monoclonalgammopathyofundeterminedsignificance.BritishJournalofHaematology,134,573–589'